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Judul : How To Hwang Kee`s 10 precepts + important points on physical and mental training, By Mary Fraser
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How To Hwang Kee`s 10 precepts + important points on physical and mental training, By Mary Fraser

I have translated a few sections from Hwang Kee`s 1958 book now and want to share it. I have included the two pages I have translated at the end of the post so anyone more knowledgeable in Korean can give their two cents :-) I have translated most of this myself without help (the 10 guidelines have been verified to hit the mark so to speak) so any mistakes here is mine and mine alone. I will be the first to admit that I am in no way fluent in Korean.

First out is the 10 point creed of Mu Duk Kwan as written by Hwang Kee himself in 1958. I have no idea if this creed is still in use. He starts each creed with the number 1. Similar creeds or guidelines appear in many Japanese Dojo and the numbering each as 1 means that they are all equally important. You will note that many of these points are mirrored in the more famous tenets of Taekwondo and 5 rules of taekwondo by Choi Hong Hi as well as other Kwan`s philosophy. My own teacher said in his first book that allthough there were differences in execution of techniques and forms as well as different "philosophies" their philosophies usually had the same core.

Hwang Kee includes an explanation to each guideline in his original text. So far I have not had the time to translate them but I will give it my best shot as soon as my Schedule opens up :-)






10 guidelines of the Mu Duk Kwan


1: Be loyal to the country

1: Filiel piety/ obidience to ones parents

1: Love between husband and wife (Maritial love)

1: Be cooperative between siblings

1: Be respectfull of elders

1: Faithfullness/ gratitude to the teacher

1: Faith between friends

1: Judicious killing

1: Do not withdraw when going into battle

1: Be a man of action

Some of these guidelines might be translated slightly different if they are still in use, but I belive this translation is within reason "correct". Hwang Kee does not use a simple language, and it is not everything in Korean that translates well into English.

Next Hwang Kee lists important factors and points on how to develop a strong spirit. These 5 factors and 10 Points have not been verified so again, take this with a grain of salt ;-) I guess you get what you pay for ;-P


5 important factors of cultivating a strong spirit

1. Keep in contact with mother nature
2. The environment/surroundings
3. Experience
4. Consience
5. Refinement

Important Points

1. A deep appreciation/love of nature
2. Kiab *
3. Etiquette, curtesy, manners
4. Modesty/Humility mind/spirit/heart
5. Grateful mind/spirit/heart
6. sacrifice mind/spirit/heart
7. Cultivation of courage
8. Fidelity
9. Appear gentle from the outside but be strong within
10. Patient mind
11. Read a lot / Study hard

* He uses the hangul for Kiab not Kihap which we usually say in Taekwondo. It translated differently than Kihap. Ki means energy while "ab" translates into pressure. In the dictionary I got "Atmospheric (air barometic) pressure" . If we look at the two words "Ki"and "ab" we get energy pressure. I believe he is meaning the same as Kihap but his term is more to do with the feeling and act of doing it while Kihap describes the goal. Kihap means cultivating/concentrating/gathereing of energy, while Kiab means pressure of energy.

5 important factors on how to improve in the physical education part of Mu Duk Kwan

1. Keep in contact with nature
2. Environment
3. Eat correctly (Be well nourished)
4. Train correctly
5. Rest appropriatly

Important Points

1. Kiab (allready explained earlier)
2. Attention (eyes/eyesight/where to look)
3. "Center" and balance while moving
4. build from body
5. Movement (Dynamics) of strength
6. Speed of technique
7. Precision (Correct) Technique
8. Be able to adapt the distance (Correct distance)
9. Breathing technique/skill
10. Skill in training the hands and feet

Again I stress that this is just my work and therefore it should be reviewed by someone more knowledgeable than me before being used as a source, but I find this very exciting, and while ITF philosophy is well documented and known, the older Kwan`s philosophies has not been shared as much as its more famous counterpart in ITF. I will try to translate the explanation on each of the 10 guidelines in the relatively near future :-)

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